This is a brief look at Vinyl Chloride. It was first reported in 1974, in open scientific literature, that vinyl chloride induces angiosarcoma of the liver in human beings and animals. As of 1983, additional research has demonstrated the carcinogenicity of vinyl chloride to other organs at lower concentrations.
In 1971, 44 years after vinyl chloride was introduced into American commerce, Dr. P.L. Viola reported the induction of tumors of the skin, lung, and bone in rats exposed by inhalation of 30,000 PPM of vinyl chloride but warranted little response because of the testing at the unrealistically high dosage. Methods of testing included exposing male albino rats (about 150 g body weight) to vinyl chloride vapors for 4 hours a day, 5 days a week, for 12 months, in a box with a constant flow of air containing 3% or 30,000 PPM of vinyl chloride.
Later that same year Dr. Viola presented to several US companies, unpublished findings of an increased incident of tumors in rats that were exposed to vinyl chloride at concentrations down to and including 500 PPM.
Hundreds of other experiments carried out through the 1970s had similar finding for vinyl chloride. In 1979, IARC concluded, “Vinyl Chloride is a human carcinogen. Its target organs are the liver, brain, lung, and haemo-lymphopoietis system.”
Vinyl Chloride can be commonly found. It is used to make pvc pipe, plastic automotive parts, furniture, medical supplies and the list goes on and on.
The OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1017 - Vinyl Chloride = 1 ppm TWA; 0.5 ppm Action Level. Vinyl chloride exposure route is mainly inhalation.
Structure is trigonal because there are only 3 atoms attached to the carbon.
The rotation is restricted because of the double bond.
The geometry is planar.
Bond Angle is 120 degrees
Bond length is 1.34 Angstroms or 1.34 x 10-8 centimeters long.
References
In 1971, 44 years after vinyl chloride was introduced into American commerce, Dr. P.L. Viola reported the induction of tumors of the skin, lung, and bone in rats exposed by inhalation of 30,000 PPM of vinyl chloride but warranted little response because of the testing at the unrealistically high dosage. Methods of testing included exposing male albino rats (about 150 g body weight) to vinyl chloride vapors for 4 hours a day, 5 days a week, for 12 months, in a box with a constant flow of air containing 3% or 30,000 PPM of vinyl chloride.
Later that same year Dr. Viola presented to several US companies, unpublished findings of an increased incident of tumors in rats that were exposed to vinyl chloride at concentrations down to and including 500 PPM.
Hundreds of other experiments carried out through the 1970s had similar finding for vinyl chloride. In 1979, IARC concluded, “Vinyl Chloride is a human carcinogen. Its target organs are the liver, brain, lung, and haemo-lymphopoietis system.”
Vinyl Chloride can be commonly found. It is used to make pvc pipe, plastic automotive parts, furniture, medical supplies and the list goes on and on.
The OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for General Industry: 29 CFR 1910.1017 - Vinyl Chloride = 1 ppm TWA; 0.5 ppm Action Level. Vinyl chloride exposure route is mainly inhalation.
Structure is trigonal because there are only 3 atoms attached to the carbon.
The rotation is restricted because of the double bond.
The geometry is planar.
Bond Angle is 120 degrees
Bond length is 1.34 Angstroms or 1.34 x 10-8 centimeters long.
References
Hart, H., Craine, L. E., & Hart, D. J. (1999). Organic chemistry (10th ed.). Boston, New York: Houghton Mifflin Company.
Viola, P. L., Bigotti, A., & Caputo, A. (1971). Oncogenic response of rat skin, lungs, and bones to vinyl chloride. Cancer Research, 31, 516-522. Retrieved from http://cancerres.aacrjournals.org.ezproxy1.lib.asu.edu/cgi/reprint/31/5/516
Wagner, J. K. (1983). Toxicity of vinyl chloride and poly(vinyl chloride): A critical review. Environmental Health Perspectives, 52, 61-66. Retrieved from http://www.ehponline.org/members/1983/052/52009.PDF
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